ARISE Grantees

AAS ARISE GRANTEES

Dr. Ngu Abanda

Centre Pasteur of Cameroon

Cameroon

Problem Statement

Mosquito transmitted viruses such as Yellow Fever, Dengue, Chikungunya and Dengue are an emerging public health threat. This research seeks to identify areas at high risk of transmission of these viruses, develop new diagnostic and surveillance tools and set up sentinel sites for the surveillance of these viruses in Cameroon.

Progress Highlights

I have applied and obtained the required ethical and administrative clearances for my project. I have initiated the purchase of required materials and reagents for the project. I have also began testing archived samples to identify communities with previous exposure to mosquito transmitted viruses.

Key Findings

Preliminary results suggest a high circulation of arboviruses in Cameroon especially Dengue and other arboviruses not previously reported.

Potential Impact

With the launch of the WHO Arbovirus Initiative most local authorities are striving to put in place a surveillance system for these arboviruses. Unfortunately, this authorities do not have any available surveillance data. My initial study and results will be extremely beneficial to local authorities as they plan to set up a surveillance system for arboviruses in Cameroon.

Dr. Getachew Tesfaye Beyene

Armauer Hansen Research Institute

Ethiopia

Problem Statement

In Ethiopia, the management of meningitis is primarily based on clinical presentations. However, symptomatic diagnoses of meningitis have poor sensitivity and specificity. Thus, our project aims to improve patient management by enhancing diagnostics through developing resources, and time-saving molecular diagnostic tools that are based on a relatively easy-to-collect blood sample.

Progress Highlights

We recruited over 800 meningitis-suspected patients and collected more than 2000 CSF, Blood, and throat swab samples. Two of the MSc students have completed the phenotypic characterization and started molecular-based detection of pathogens. We presented three posters, two locally and One at the 2nd ARISE conference in Hamammet Tunisia.

Key Findings

The preliminary results received will be used as input for future bigger activities of the project: Metagenomics, Meta transcriptomics, and proteomics as well as the development of a diagnostic multiplex PCR assay.

Potential Impact

Alleviation of the need for lumbar puncture in the diagnosis of meningitis by providing evidence for the use of blood instead of cerebral spinal fluid for the diagnosis of meningitis.

Dr. Abdallah Mahamat Nour

University of N'Djamena

Chad

Problem Statement

The development of sustainable water management requires the assessment of surface and groundwater interactions, aquifer recharge, and the response of water balance to climate and environmental changes. The aquifers of the Lake Chad Basin cover four African countries, all having different groundwater exploitation strategies. It is, therefore, of the utmost importance to promote the development of a thorough hydrogeological understanding of these strategic aquifers, which are easily exploitable for many purposes, from irrigation to drinking water supply. The project will strengthen our knowledge of water and climate change vulnerabilities by improving monitoring and forecasting tools and strengthening the sharing of expertise and technology transfer.

Progress Highlights

Acquisition of several pieces of scientific equipment, including Spectro, Picarro Laser, support for four research projects for master’s students, and scientific collaborations.

Key Findings

Research is ongoing.

Potential Impact

The project aims to strengthen our knowledge of water and climate change vulnerabilities by improving monitoring and forecasting tools and strengthening the sharing of expertise and the transfer of technology. The LHGR laboratory at the University of N'Djaména is a reference for hydrological studies and water analysis. The equipment acquired enables students and teachers to carry out their work placements and research locally.

Dr. Koffi Kibalou Palanga

Université de Kara (UK), Togo

Togo

Problem Statement

African Orphan legumes are highly nutritious and stress-tolerant crops with the potential to enhance food security and contribute to more sustainable farming systems in Africa. This research assesses the diversity and nutritional potential of three orphan grain legume species, contributing to the mitigation of malnutrition and climate change effects through the conservation and valorization of three neglected edible crops (African Yam beans, Bambara groundnut, and common beans).

Progress Highlights

We have completed an ethnobotanical which enabled us to collect the accessions of the targeted species and to gather some valuable information related to the producer's socio-demographic characteristics, constraints related to the crop's production, the producer's perception of climate change, and its impact on the targeted crops.

Key Findings

So far, we have a database of the main producers, a list of the constraints and preferred traits, and a collection of the accessions of the different species.

Potential Impact

This project will contribute to the sustainable conservation and valorization of three neglected crops, which can play an important role in mitigating the double burden of malnutrition and in food security. It can also help diversify farmers' sources of income.

Dr. Bessie Malila

University of Cape Town

South Africa

Problem Statement

Digital health interventions can potentially address some of Africa's healthcare delivery challenges. However, lack of evidence of their efficacy, cost-effectiveness and improved health outcomes has hampered their integration into health systems. The project aims to implement a 5G digital health testbed for generating such evidence for novel digital health interventions.

Progress Highlights

A working 5G testbed prototype based on open-source software, off-the-shelf mobile network devices, and a working virtual clinic system prototype have been developed. Three master's students have graduated, and additional funding of about $ 100,000 USD has been received due to the impact of this project. Several local and international conference papers were presented, 1 journal paper was published, and one book chapter was in print. An industry partner has indicated interest in adopting the virtual clinic system and will provide additional funding for implementing a real-world 5G test infrastructure based on the developed prototype.

Key Findings

Evidence for teleaudiology has been established. Plans for implementing a real-world 5G test network are underway. An industry partner has expressed interest in purchasing the virtual clinic system (VCS). There is significant interest in using the VCS for telesurgery, mental health, and other specialist medical services.

Potential Impact

This project will apply novel concepts to develop a secured real-world 5G digital health testbed to provide a platform for testing and evaluating commercially available mHealth applications and medical devices originally designed for in-person care. The expected impact of the project is the accelerated translation of research results into practical interventions that can help strengthen Africa healthcare system.

Dr. Emmanuel Amlabu

Ahmadu Bello University

Nigeria

Problem Statement

My project is trying to tackle the problem of emerging drug resistance in the malaria parasite by developing therapeutics targeting protein-lipid interfaces, which could serve as an invaluable tool for achieving high selectivity efficacy in abolishing lipid-dependent activation of drug targets during malaria infection.

Progress Highlights

I have established a recombinant protein expression platform at ACENTDFB, Abu Zaria, where we have produced the recombinant PfLBPs on a large scale and commenced biophysical characterization of the PfLBPs for precise drug targeting. Community engagement, human blood sample collection, capacity building, and training of field mentees in ex vivo parasite culture are all directed at testing the efficacy of drug targets against clinical parasite isolates.

Key Findings

Identification of novel Plasmodium falciparum lipid-binding proteins and a high affinity binder which is currently under further evaluation.

Potential Impact

Targeting the malaria parasites' lipid-binding proteins have promising potentials for the development of new antimalarial intervention.

Dr. Ngonye Keroletswe

Botswana Institute for Technology Research and Innovation

Botswana

Problem Statement

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP, 2024) reported that 2.3 billion people are living in countries categorized as “water-stressed”. This water stress emanates from water scarcity or water being contaminated by toxic ions, drug metabolites, salinity, etc. The project seeks to develop water filtration materials (membranes) derived from biomass cellulose for use at household and community levels. The identified biomass are invasive plant species that are a menace to the environment, and elephant dung is waste from the high population of elephants found in Botswana, making cellulose a sustainable resource.

Progress Highlights

Cellulose was successfully extracted from elephant dung, honey mesquite, and sisal plants (invasive species) and characterized. It is currently being appropriately functionalized to impart metal ions, anions, quaternary ammonium compounds, and salinity removal abilities in preparation for membrane fabrication and testing.

Key Findings

Cellulose was chemically extracted from elephant dung, honey mesquite, and sisal leaf fibers. The amounts of cellulose extracted from honey mesquite and sisal leaf fibers were 37% and ≈50%, respectively. Elephant dung also furnished ≈50% cellulose. The results show that the 3 biomasses are good cellulose sources.

Potential Impact

Elephant dung, honey mesquite, and sisal leaf fibers are good sources of cellulose, which can be appropriately modified for various applications, replacing non-biodegradable synthetic polymer fibers. These biomasses are abundant and renewable, making them attractive as sustainable cellulose feedstocks. In our case, cellulose is used to develop materials for water filtration.

Dr. Katawoura Beltako

University of Lome

Togo

Problem Statement

Electronics and energy access define how people live and businesses operate, especially for delivering essential services such as health and education. This project enhances affordable energy access through materials research and innovation by leveraging the capabilities of quantum computing and machine learning.

Progress Highlights

The project established a robust research group focused on quantum materials at the University of Lome in Togo. Currently, we are training four doctoral researchers and six assistant researchers in the discovery of energy materials using quantum technologies and artificial intelligence. Additionally, we have set up the first computing facility at the University of Lome and are enhancing digital and AI capabilities for students and young researchers through workshops and educational programs.

Key Findings

Our key findings include the discovery of three new two-dimensional materials and the development of two highly efficient perovskite solar cells. Notably, these solar cells achieved efficiencies of 33% for single-junction cells and 49% for multi-junction cells, which are the highest efficiencies currently attainable. These findings have been documented in scientific publications.

Potential Impact

The synthesis and characterization of these materials will contribute significantly to the ultimate goal of producing low-cost and affordable solar cells. The research has also had a tangible impact on the host institution by enhancing its research facilities and transferring advanced capabilities in quantum and AI-driven materials research.

Dr. Emna Harigua

Institut Pasteur de Tunis

Tunisia

Problem Statement

Drug discovery in Africa faces high costs and complexity. Dr. Harigua's research introduces a platform combining bioinformatics, AI, biology, and biochemistry to enhance efficiency and cost-effectiveness, targeting novel treatments for Leishmaniases and Malaria.

Progress Highlights

We consolidated our expertise in Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, leveraging Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence, and Computational computing. We also consolidated existing capacities in cellular biology and drug candidate screening. We grew into a multidisciplinary team that learned to collaborate across the frontiers of scientific fields.

Key Findings

Our research identified nine novel anti-Leishmania drug candidates, out of which three are under preclinical studies/validation. We intend to file multiple patents of our findings. We have also developed highly performing AI algorithms for novel drug identification, deployed through an open platform, CidalsDB: https://cidalsdb.streamlit.app/

Potential Impact

We seek to bring novel drug candidates against infectious diseases of interest in Africa (Leishmania, Malaria, etc) into the market. We believe strongly in how computational approaches, AI in particular, can revolutionize Drug Discovery. We work on growing our expertise and technologies into a recoverable product.

Dr.Charles Ndawula

National Livestock Resources Research Institute, Uganda

Uganda

Problem Statement

East Coast fever (ECF) is a devastating tick-borne disease that affects cattle productivity in sub–Saharan Africa. Currently, there is only one ECF vaccine, yet the vaccinated cattle revert to ECF pathogen reservoirs, hence promoting re-transmission. The project research is aimed at developing alternative vaccines to interfere with ECF pathogen development and transmission in ticks and/or cattle.

Progress Highlights

We are pursuing the development of live attenuated vaccines and subunit/ recombinant protein-based vaccines. We have aligned the lab for vaccine research. We are now performing cell culture studies assessing the potential of 3 DNA alkylating to induce ECF pathogen mutation. We have embarked on examining the diversity of ECF pathogens.

Key Findings

So far, Drug A has shown the potential to affect ECF-pathogen growth under culture. The drug-treated ECF pathogen has shown slow replication, suggesting that the drug could have altered the pathogen's genetic makeup, weakening it. Comparisons with the other two drugs are still to be made.

Potential Impact

This research aims to develop recombinant protein-based vaccines with the potential to block ECF-pathogen development and/or transmission in ticks.

Dr. Violet Kayamba

University of Zambia

Zambia

Problem Statement

Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. The main driver for gastric cancer is Helicobacter pylori infection. Late case presentation is the most significant contributor to poor patient outcomes. This project demonstrates factors related to gastric cancer development and finds ways to detect early cases.

Progress Highlights

The burden of H. pylori at the population level has been determined, and two early gastric cancer detection strategies have been tested.

Key Findings

The project has so far shown that in Zambia, the population prevalence of H. pylori is 79% and demonstrated molecular characteristics of gastric cancer, some of which are unique to this population.

Potential Impact

Gastric cancer will in the near future be diagnosed early, and therefore improving the outcomes.

Dr. Euclides Sacomboio

Universidade Agostinho Neto

Angola

Problem Statement

Malaria continues to be a public health problem in Africa, contributing to the high rates of morbidity and deaths. Prof. Dr. Sacomboio's research assesses whether certain blood groups are associated with malaria infection susceptibility and severity.

Progress Highlights

The first phase of the project has been completed. This included monitoring patients with malaria, where more than a thousand patients were monitored, and 2 scientific articles have been published.

Key Findings

It is imperative to differentiate patients with malaria based on blood groups and sickle cell trait, taking into account mainly the blood count parameters that demonstrate that there are patients who, depending on blood group or sickle cell trait, may react weakly to malaria infection regardless of the degree of parasitemia and medical prognosis.

Potential Impact

This research will identify phenomena that may be associated with resistance to treatment, create public policies and improve human health.

Dr. Mohamed Taha Rouabah

Freres Mentouri University Constantine

Algeria

Problem Statement

Atoms are the basic component of matter but, their microscopic size makes them difficult to understand. This research investigates ways of detecting and manipulating the properties of quantum systems for large-scale use and application in various aspects of medicine, chemistry, drug design, climate change, food security, and epidemic preparedness.

Progress Highlights

We have created a research team of promising young PhD and master’s students eager to explore the fascinating quantum world. Some of our achievements are 15 local communications, 16 international communications, attendance at four international summer/winter schools, three local training sessions, over 20 hours of free mentorship at international events, more than 50 quantum-related certificates earned, and participation in 8 hackathons with five prizes won (including three first prizes). Moreover, we have published one paper in a peer-reviewed Q1 journal, have two additional research papers under review, and have publicly shared a white paper highlighting the results of a collaboration with a US-based start-up. Furthermore, we developed an open-source package for Topological Quantum Computing and established QAlgeria, the local chapter of an international quantum education network called QWorld.

Key Findings

We have designed and implemented several quantum algorithms for quantum chemistry and optimization problems on state-of-the-art quantum computers. Our team has gained valuable experience designing Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQA) and Quantum Annealing (QA). VQA and QA are up-and-coming tools, paving the way to unlocking quantum capabilities and achieving accuracy and efficiency beyond the current capabilities of supercomputers in fields such as chemistry, medicine, materials science, logistics, and more.

Potential Impact

Available quantum computers may help explore specific problems, such as the simulation of chemical molecules and optimization problems. As quantum technology develops, this could prepare the tools for a significant advantage over classical computers. The design of quantum algorithms and their implementation on real quantum devices are precious skills we are developing within our group. Furthermore, quantum education efforts are vital in preparing an African quantum workforce.

Dr. Geoffrey Onaga

Africa Rice Center

Côte dIvoire

Problem Statement

Rice is becoming a more significant food crop in Africa; however, drought stress and increased nitrogen fertilizer used to boost rice production intensify the impact of rice blast disease, posing a threat to the region's rice industry and food security. Dr. Onaga's research is using the pan-genome of African rice species to develop reliable genetic markers and breeding lines for effective management of rice diseases in a changing climate and intensive rice production.

Progress Highlights

We identified resistant African rice accessions, used them as parents in biparental backcrosses, sequenced high-quality genomes, performed genome wide association analysis, and identified blast disease resistance genes. Backcrossing experiments are ongoing. Two PhD students in bioinformatics and rice pathology trained at IRD and CIRAD. Third PhD and MSc student are being recruited.

Key Findings

Identification of candidate/promising genes for stable blast disease resistance in a changing climate.

Potential Impact

Reduction of crop economic losses caused by diseases, while simultaneously enhancing food security and increasing the income of rice farmers in Cote d'Ivoire and other African countries.

Dr. Gift Mehlana

Midlands State University

Zimbabwe

Problem Statement

Carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels to produce energy is causing the greatest environmental concerns, such as climate change and global warming, in most African countries. Dr Mehlana’s research uses enzymes housed in porous materials to capture and repurpose carbon dioxide emitted from power plants to produce methanol.

Progress Highlights

Several materials with varying porosity have been developed. These have been characterized using spectroscopic and diffraction techniques and have shown to have enough space to house biological catalysts responsible for carbon dioxide conversion to methanol.

Key Findings

The porosity of metal-organic frameworks can be varied using several methods yet to be explored in the literature. The most explored methods for varying pore sizes include thermolysis and organic templates.

Potential Impact

Apart from the evident environmental and health advantages to be realized, economic benefits are promised because methanol is a clean burning fuel suited to the infrastructure currently available to emerging economies. The project seeks to develop new materials that can be used to capture and convert waste carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels

Dr. Samuel Bunani

University of Burundi

Burundi

Problem Statement

As populations grow and natural environments become degraded in Africa, there is an increasing need for the recovery of nutrients from wastewater and other aqueous waste streams for agricultural use. This project tries to solve the issues related to surface water pollution by utilizing green fertilizer, which leads to water reclamation and recovery.

Progress Highlights

A qualitative and quantitative value of AWS in terms of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content is now known. The 100% of total suspended solids (TSS) were removed from AWS. The concentration of N, P, and DOC samples without suspended solids and turbidity was obtained.

Key Findings

Ultrafiltration separated DOC from nutrients at a rate of 95% at 5 bar. The permeate was fed to electrodialysis to separate/recover phosphorus and nitrogen. In the base and acid compartments, nitrogen and phosphorus were recovered at the rate of 90 % and 85% ammonium and phosphate at 30 V, respectively.

Potential Impact

Combining membrane filtration and bipolar electrodialysis is a good strategy for protecting the environment and producing green fertilizers. The process can be used to amend the soil or can be used in a balanced ratio of effluents by considering the needs of the plants and for a high yield.

Dr. Etienne Bilgo

Institut de Recherche en Science de Sante (IRSS)

Burkina Faso

Problem Statement

Malaria remains a serious threat in Africa due to insecticide resistance. Dr. Etienne Bilgo's research focuses on fungal pathogens to kill mosquitoes. The project includes stakeholder analysis and training for postgraduate students, researchers, and vector control officers on emerging biotechnologies.

Progress Highlights

Coming soon...

Key Findings

Coming soon...

Potential Impact

Reduction of malaria and dengue due to interrupting transmission of the target human pathogens.

Dr. Protus Arrey Tarkang

Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM)

Cameroon

Problem Statement

The increasing emergence of resistance in malaria parasites to currently available antimalarial drugs obliges the discovery of novel and multi-targeted antimalarials by employing innovative strategies aimed at the discovery of new anti-infective agents that target human malaria parasites from selected polyherbals and their use for the validation of novel drug targets.

Progress Highlights

GFGP due diligence conducted. Extraction, fractionation, and isolation lab space set-up (> 40 compounds isolated). 2 PhDs and 2 MSc students were recruited. Remote working for metabolomics profiling initiated. Identification of the combination ratio of the constituent plants of the selected polyherbal. Isolation of some metabolites (yet to be identified) from some plant extracts. The level of synergism in the constituent plant extracts of each polyherbal through the fold increases in vitro antiplasmodial activities. More than 40 metabolites were isolated.

Key Findings

The preliminary results and the measures to be taken going forward indicate great potential for attaining the project objectives hence contributing to developing the pharmaceutical industry in Africa.

Potential Impact

This research will lead to the discovery of new anti-infective agents for identifying and validating new drug targets for malaria therapy.

Dr. Edem Mahu

University of Ghana

Ghana

Problem Statement

Globally, oyster populations have declined due to changing climate and other human-induced pressures such as pollution, habitat degradation, and over-harvesting. Along the coast of West Africa, oysters play various functions, from serving as ecosystem engineers to improving water quality to supporting the livelihood of coastal populations. Unfortunately, the once vibrant oyster fishery along the West African coast has been declining in line with global shifts, with local pressures exacerbating the problem. Our project seeks to understand how oyster environments along West Africa have changed historically, how these changes impact their ability to grow and reproduce and provide answers for rebuilding lost populations in a resilient and sustainable way.

Progress Highlights

The project has so far collected data on O-18 and C-13 on fossilized shells along the West African Coast, collected Mg/Ca data on live shells, and acquired an Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer, which is being used for stable isotopic measurements of water and live shells.

Key Findings

Temperature and salinity reconstructions from fossilized shells show remarkable changes in oyster environmental conditions. Temperatures in estuaries where oysters live have increased significantly through time while salinity regime have decreased significantly through time. Present day water and shell measurements depict mostly freshwater conditions in the Anyanui Creek with Mg/Ca ratios in the oyster shells depicting compromised shell building capabilities of the oysters..

Potential Impact

With the data gathered so far, it apparent that the West African Mangrove Oyster has become very vulnerable to climate change. This vulnerability is also exacerbated by local pressures especially pollution and habitat destruction. The findings of the project will shape our understanding of the how climate change threatens this important fishery and provide insight into charting a sustainable future for oysters along the Coast of West Africa.

Dr. Hafeez Yusuf Hafeez

Federal University Dutse

Nigeria

Problem Statement

The energy crisis and its resultant environmental pollution continue to be a significant hindrance to African countries' development. Solar Hydrogen energy is considered an ideal means of generating an alternative fuel source to fossil fuels. Thus, this research focuses mainly on providing such a source.

Progress Highlights

We identified certain materials that could yield higher hydrogen energy, published nearly 10 articles on this project, and many are under review.

Key Findings

The amount of hydrogen we get is significantly higher than the previously reported.

Potential Impact

Dr Hafeez proposes solar fuel (Hydrogen) generation via water splitting as an ideal future fuel. This research will generate energy via simple materials, including photocatalysts, water, and solar light. Other impacts are education and training.

Dr. Alassan Assani Seidou

University of Parakou (UP)

Benin

Problem Statement

Feed limitations and poor nutritional knowledge reduce cattle productivity in West Africa, causing income loss, feed waste, and methane emissions. Dr. Assani's project aims to create a mobile app for low-cost, climate-sensitive rations in Benin, Togo, and Niger.

Progress Highlights

The SmartBov app prototype developed features cattle categories (beef cattle in growth, non-pregnant dairy, pregnant dairy) and a favorites menu for saved feeds.

Key Findings

Low-cost balanced rations have enhanced milk and meat production. A software tool in local languages was developed. It aims to sustainably boost cattle productivity, improve farmers' livelihoods, and reduce carbon footprints.

Potential Impact

This project will contribute to Africa's transformation into a knowledge-based continent, improve food security, reduce poverty, and lower GHG emissions. It will also promote stakeholder learning and better decision-making in Benin, Niger, and Togo.

Dr. Thomas Kivevele

Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST)

Tanzania, United Republic of

Problem Statement

Traditional drying methods in Tanzania are inefficient, causing post-harvest losses, reduced food security, and lower farmer incomes. This project develops a solar-biogas hybrid dryer from local materials to ensure continuous drying, enhance food security, boost incomes, and mitigate environmental impacts, promoting sustainable agriculture in Tanzania.

Progress Highlights

The project has designed and constructed a solar-biogas hybrid dryer, started performance analysis, involved seven students in research, and initiated data collection for economic analysis. The dryer has been patented, and two related articles have been partially funded and published.

Key Findings

Preliminary key findings include the solar-biogas hybrid dryer maintaining ideal drying temperatures for agricultural produce (50-65°C) and demonstrating low environmental impact in initial life cycle analysis. Male farmers prefer individual ownership of dryers, while females, who dominate agro-food processing, favor group ownership, highlighting gaps in market awareness.

Potential Impact

Based on preliminary findings, the solar-biogas hybrid dryer demonstrates effective temperature control and low environmental impact, which suggests potential for enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability. The project's impact could include reducing post-harvest losses, improving food security, and promoting gender-inclusive technology adoption in agro-food processing, thereby advancing rural livelihoods and environmental stewardship in Tanzania.

Dr. Judicaël Obame-Nkoghe

University Of Sciences and Technology of Masuku

Gabon

Problem Statement

Since the 2000s, Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus has become the dominant Stegomyia species in anthropogenic environments of Central-Africa, linked to dengue, chikungunya, and Zika outbreaks. Despite replacing native species, its bioecological drivers and genomic factors influencing its success and vector competence remain poorly understood. This project aims to elucidate these drivers.

Progress Highlights

We investigated Ae. albopictus ecological limits at two study sites, resulting in three published papers and the completion of four MSc programs. Key achievements include 3 lead author papers, 4 co-authored papers, and significant in progress in lab restoration and average in equipment acquisition.

Key Findings

We revealed that Ae. albopictus thrives in anthropogenic and forested areas, aided by human-altered microhabitats and natural ones like tree and rock holes. Its presence correlates with physicochemical features such as size, pH, redox potential, dissolved oxygen, and conductivity, showing a preference for larger, pH-neutral microhabitats.

Potential Impact

This project will allow characterization of Aedes albopictus relationship with native mosquito species sharing the same habitats and assess the arboviruses emergence risk. This will ultimately contribute effectively to the development of the arboviruses' control strategies in Gabon and inform preventive policies against zoonotic risks.

Dr. Eltayb Abdellatef

National Center for Research

Sudan

Problem Statement

TThe demand for alternative and enhanced food production mechanisms to sustain the growing African population has led to the increased manufacture of synthetic N-fertilizers and, thus, contributing heavily to greenhouse gas emissions. This project will establish an eco-friendly production system for indigenous African cereals (Sorghum and Pearl Millet) through developing efficient nutrient uptake of N-fixation and replacing the N-fertilizers with cereals-specific bio-fertilizers that contain active plant-beneficial microbes.

Progress Highlights

Coming soon...

Key Findings

Coming soon...

Potential Impact

Coming soon...

Dr. Hoby Razafindrakoto

Institut et Observatoire de Géophysique d’Antananarivo(IOGA)

Madagascar

Problem Statement

Earthquakes are among the most dangerous natural disasters, resulting in significant economic and human losses, primarily due to destroyed buildings, bridges, and other infrastructure. While Madagascar mostly experiences small to moderate earthquakes, recent events such as those in Famoizankova (1991) and Betafo (2017) have caused damage near the epicenters. Therefore, the EARTHMOVING initiative aims to enhance earthquake research in Madagascar, specifically through improving earthquake preparedness and automating earthquake detection to minimize the impact of potential future earthquakes

Progress Highlights

We have developed a machine-learning-based earthquake monitoring system, which allows us to classify the nature of seismic events. This system also includes a mobile phone application that provides timely information to the community and relevant risk agencies. In addition, we have worked to understand the site effects in Madagascar. Additionally, to gain insights into the current deformation in Madagascar, we use a technique called INSAR and develop a database of the country's velocity field.

Key Findings

We have recently developed an earthquake monitoring system that can distinguish between anthropogenic and natural earthquakes. In addition, we have created a mobile application that can alert and inform citizens in case of an earthquake, and collect their experiences through comments, pictures, and videos in the aftermath. Furthermore, using the spectral decomposition approach, we have evaluated the source stress drop, site effects, and attenuation, which are vital for developing the ground motion model for Madagascar. Our research has also revealed that the surface displacement in Madagascar is influenced not only by tectonic factors but also by sedimentary dynamics such as erosion and sedimentary deposits.

Potential Impact

The new earthquake monitoring system has important implications for mining control and improving seismic hazard management. This system includes a mobile application that provides timely earthquake information to the community and risk management agency. The database of surface displacement is a crucial source of data for various multidisciplinary topics. It provides information about tectonics and highlights sediment dynamics in different regions of Madagascar.

Dr. Sandra Jumbe

Millennium University

Malawi

Problem Statement

Mental health knowledge in Africa is still low, whilst stigma and mistreatment towards people with mental health problems remain high, with no specific support for the youth. The MHLeC project aims to increase mental health literacy among young people in Malawi using university and community settings to improve overall knowledge and understanding of mental health among the masses.

Progress Highlights

Codesigned a mental health literacy e-curriculum that is deliverable online and in classroom settings. We have organized Malawi's first youth mental health festival, which will be running annually in October (Global Mental Health Month). We have engaged 5 tertiary institutions to deliver MHLeC within a feasibility trial.

Key Findings

University students who have completed the course so far have described their mental health learning experience as educative and interactive. They especially enjoyed videos in the course. They prefer the classroom-based delivery method. Average course satisfaction was 70% with all participants saying they would recommend MHLeC to their peers. A key challenge is not all tertiary institutions have equipment and resources to facilitate digital delivery.

Potential Impact

Preliminary conclusions so far are that the MHLeC is culturally relevant for university students and has potential to increase mental health literacy among youth en masse. The potential short term impact is real time mental health awareness raising. More long term impacts are a mental health education resource for national implementation with government support. This project will also inform evidence-based development of youth focused mental health policies for Malawi.

Dr. Sonia Semedo

University of Cabo Verde (UniCV)

Cape Verde

Problem Statement

Technological advances in African countries have allowed the innovation of systems and solutions for monitoring the most varied parameters of interest, boosting the Internet of Things, and creating Smart Cities. This project investigates the challenges of wireless sensor networks (WSN) and the Internet of Things (IoT) to demonstrate their societal benefits through applications in water management for consumption and smart agriculture to face the climate change crisis, addressing the unique needs and conditions of Cape Verde.

Progress Highlights

We provided IoT recommendations for Cape Verde, established an experimental field at the university, engaged local farmers to tailor solutions, and developed a smart agriculture system. Currently, we are working on a social IoT architecture to enhance resource management in rural areas and foster community collaboration.

Key Findings

This project demonstrated the feasibility of IoT and WSN in Cape Verde, enhancing water management and agricultural practices. The smart agriculture ecosystem increased water efficiency. Community collaboration ensured practical implementations, while recommendations addressed the unique challenges of Cape Verde's geography and infrastructure.

Potential Impact

Our project shows IoT and WSN can enhance resource management and agriculture in Cape Verde. The potential impact includes improved efficiency, increased agricultural productivity, and better climate resilience. We aim to foster community collaboration, making technology accessible and beneficial for all, especially in rural areas.

Dr. Dacquin Kasumba

Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Problem Statement

The Ebola virus’ high transmissibility and the limited knowledge about its etiology make it one of the most dangerous viruses, causing a dramatic hemorrhagic disease with a high mortality rate in some African countries. Dr. Kasumba’s research investigates how the Ebola virus overcomes our immune system and counter-acts recently approved treatments.

Progress Highlights

So far, we have established methods and protocols, trained project personnel, performed sample analysis, and published papers.

Key Findings

Analysis is still ongoing.

Potential Impact

Shaping of national and continental policies on infectious diseases and health.

Dr. Grace Jopaul Loubota Panzou

Marien Ngouabi University

Republic of the Congo

Problem Statement

While Central Africa contains the second-largest continuous block of tropical forests after the Amazonian basin, it is expected to lose 41% of its forest cover by 2050. Human disturbances are increasingly being in tropical forests, threatening their biodiversity and the goods and services that benefit human well-being. Dr. Loubota Panzou’s research evaluates whether changes in biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and services will vary by type of disturbance and whether these changes alter trajectories of degradation and/or recovery and resilience to disturbance in Central Africa.

Progress Highlights

Six ongoing fieldworks in two forest allocations (undisturbed forest and selectively logged forests), Installation of 1-ha permanent plots, Tree measurements (diameter, height, and crown dimensions), diverse interviews and field surveys, and Installation of camera traps in the permanent plots.

Key Findings

About 30 permanent plots of 1ha were set up in undisturbed and selectively logged forests. Trees with diameters ≥10cm were identified and measured with reference standards. To date, 7078 trees have been inventoried with their diameter measurement, and 3246 of 7078 trees were selected for height and crown measurements.

Potential Impact

The project has major scientific and societal implications because it will enhance national culture for future African generations. It will strengthen knowledge and skills in multiple disciplines and approaches to forest ecology. The knowledge acquired will be made available to universities and research institutions to build science capacities.

Dr. Jessica Thorn

University of Namibia Department of Environmental Sciences

Namibia

Problem Statement

Recent large-scale climate shocks in Africa and other continents have highlighted how biodiversity loss, climate change, urbanization, and structural inequality are converging to threaten planetary health. The escalation of urbanization contributes significantly to the urban heat island effect, air pollution, water contamination, flood risk, coastal erosion, and flood risk. Concurrently, disparities in access to quality green space are exacerbated between affluent and impoverished neighborhoods. However, we lack impact assessments of urban green infrastructure and climate adaptation that consider multiple hazards and employ transdisciplinary approaches. Working in Namibia, Madagascar, and Sierra Leone, this research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of green infrastructure innovations in informal and peri-urban areas for disaster risk reduction in peri-urban areas, now and in the future.

Progress Highlights

We have published ten peer-reviewed articles, one special issue, two book chapters, and one conference poster. In addition, we have presented our work at 19 invited talks, including five keynote presentations. Our project consists of six PhD students. We have completed two field seasons in Madagascar, one in Sierra Leone, and one in Namibia. Included are the organization of eight workshops, conference sessions, and two training sessions. We have also published two animations and one podcast.

Key Findings

There are significant disparities in green space inequities in Africa. There is a need to improve transportation networks, allowing residents easy access to nature. The height of buildings influences urban outdoor thermal comfort and retrofitting urban structures with green infrastructure. Local authorities should link diverse demographic groups (by age, race, education, and occupation) to heat management in areas of thermal stress and enhance transparency, accountability, and participation in decision-making. Future visions of informal settlements include greater access to green space and more integrated land use planning.

Potential Impact

We have already seen an impact through input into policy processes. For instance, we have given inputs in five policy reports, including the IPCC WG II mountains and human settlements chapter, the AU Climate Change Strategy, and the UN Food and Agricultural Organisation Urban Forestry report. Our research aims to advance theoretical understandings in transdisciplinary practice and co-production. In addition, we aim to enhance knowledge and methodological approaches so that researchers and urban planners can further optimize green infrastructure strategies towards creating cooler and greener urban environments using the smallest space to enhance the best cooling effect.

Dr. Hyacinthe K. TOE

Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme

Burkina Faso

Problem Statement

The rise in insecticide resistance in major arbovirus vectors challenges outbreak response and control strategies. There's a limited understanding of resistance mechanisms, biting and host-seeking behavior, and environmental impact.

Progress Highlights

Ethical approval was obtained, and Aedes mosquito eggs were collected from urban and peri-urban sites in two climatic areas. Host seeking and biting behavior were studied during the dry season, with temperature and humidity correlations assessed.

Key Findings

The data collection has begun, and some of the key findings expected are the spatiotemporal evolution of insecticide resistance based on urbanization and climate, the distribution and identification of new resistance markers and candidate genes, and updates to Aedes mosquito biting patterns considering environmental impacts.

Potential Impact

The data generated will enhance insecticide resistance management in Africa, ensuring the continued effectiveness of control tools, supporting the evaluation of new Aedes control methods and genetic studies, and adapting strategies to address dengue and other arbovirus outbreaks.

Dr. Mary Oboh

Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

Gambia

Problem Statement

Malaria continues to be a public health challenge in endemic regions, especially those in the topical and sub-tropical parts of the world, such as sub-Saharan Africa. Parasites and vectors continue to develop new ways of by-passing drug and insecticide treatment. The goal of this study is to evaluate the patho-immunological modulatory bi-directional relationship between the human gut microbiome and P. falciparum infections in children from southwest Nigeria with different malaria clinical manifestations.

Progress Highlights

Sample collection for this longitudinal study has been completed and discussions are underway to begin the laboratory aspect of the work. As sample collection is a prerequisite for carrying out any laboratory work, each of the objectives are yet to be started.

Key Findings

Our preliminary results have shown distinct signatures of specific microbiomes and regulatory elements that determine an individual's predisposition to malaria.

Potential Impact

Our study has the potential for a valuable contribution to understanding the roles of other pathogens and regulatory elements in malaria pathology. Importantly, there is a potential role for malaria diagnosis.

Dr. Nada Abdel Aziz

Cairo university

Egypt

Problem Statement

Schistosomiasis, the second most socio-economically devastating parasitic disease, affects 290 million people and causes 280,000 deaths annually in sub-Saharan Africa. Praziquantel, the only available treatment, doesn’t prevent re-infection or control egg-induced inflammation. Therefore, the development of effective therapeutic intervention strategies is urgently needed.

Progress Highlights

We examined the differential role of the regulatory T cell subset (Tregs) during acute and chronic murine schistosomiasis. Our data indicated gender-specific differences in susceptibility and Tregs gene expression, with females exhibiting higher susceptibility to the disease. Furthermore, we elucidated differential Treg subsets at different disease stages of the disease.

Key Findings

Our results indicated a gender-specific differential susceptibility to schistosomiasis infection that is likely driven by their differential Treg ability to control liver granuloma inflammation. Using state-of-the-art techniques (single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing), we unprecedentedly elucidated the differential expansion of specific Treg cell subsets at each disease stage, revealing gender-specific regulatory mechanisms.

Potential Impact

This project has significant implications for the design of gender-specific prevention programs, treatment protocols, and vaccines. By unravelling the immunological mechanisms underpinning the observed gender disparity in susceptibility, the study will pave the way for devising effective therapeutic interventions that contribute to the well-being of populations beleaguered by schistosomiasis.

Dr. Ibrahim Karidio Diori

CERMES

Niger

Problem Statement

In Niger, despite tremendous efforts made to prevent/alleviate the prevalence of infant and child malnutrition, the statistics still show alarming thresholds. Recurrent episodes of food insecurity affect infants in a critical period of food transition that eventually puts them at risk of adulthood onset of chronic diseases. This underscores the need for more operational studies to explore the implementation of local solutions for producing therapeutic flours for managing malnutrition.

Progress Highlights

Some of the achievements of the project so far include the creation of a multinational (Africa and Europe), multisector, and multidisciplinary team, recruitment of 1 researcher, full funding of 2 PhD students and 4 Master students, creation of new research axes in almost all the institutions and acquisition of new technologies to the benefit of institutions.

Key Findings

A community-specific qualitative design was conducted through in-depth, semi-structured interviews of focus group discussions and with key informants and participants from three regions of Niger. The study concluded with typical core food and supplementary ingredients across the investigated localities. However, the difference in the culinary/ transformation habits creates disparities in the nutritional value of the cooked foods, making some more beneficial than others.

Potential Impact

The project promotes a dynamic multidisciplinary team that participates in the development of new research axes in the partner institutions, allows for the acquisition of/access to new technologies, and forms young, growing scientists fully funded in the project’s implementation, targeting local solutions for a significant and quasi-permanent public health issue.

Dr. Celimphilo Mavuso

University of Eswatini

Swaziland

Problem Statement

African countries continue to face shortages of vegetables and fruits, leading to high importation. To reduce this importation, intensified domestic production is essential to cushion fruit and vegetable prices during the post-COVID-19 pandemic. This project addresses the high costs of high-value vegetable crops incurred by small-scale agripreneurs. It also focuses on contributing to the availability of orange-fleshed sweet potatoes in the Kingdom of Eswatini. Plant tissue culture is used as a tool to address the problems mentioned above.

Progress Highlights

The project has trained 2 master’s and 2 PhD students on plant tissue culture. The plant biotechnology research laboratory has been renovated, upgraded, and equipped. Technological Tunnel has been constructed for research and 2 new master students have been recruited for training on plant tissue culture.

Key Findings

Micropropagation of pepper and orange-fleshed sweet potatoes has been responsive to a formulated plant-growing medium developed using agro-waste from Rhodes Food Group in Eswatini.

Potential Impact

This project will produce competent postgraduates in Horticulture hired by biotechnology companies outside the Kingdom of Eswatini. It also aims to promote the commercialization of agro waste from Rhodes Food Group as a plant-growing medium. Through the project, the Eswatini population will adopt orange-fleshed sweet potatoes.

Dr. Ahmed Amara Konate

CEA-Mines and Society, Higher Institute of Mines and Geology of Boke

Guinea

Problem Statement

Artisanal Gold Mining (AGM) is practiced by 5-6M people in Africa. In full expansion, AGM suffers from practices based on the absence of planning, the use of rudimentary tools and the uncontrolled use of toxic chemicals. There is no quantitative data on the impact on the environment due to AGM. This research will provide artisanal miners with essential practical basis for better management of mining techniques, identify and prevent the risks involved in artisanal gold mining while ensuring environmentally sustainable development.

Progress Highlights

In Guinea and Mali, the team carried out: Identification of gold panning techniques and technologies in place on sites, understanding the perception of local communities and gold miners on the impacts of gold panning on the environment, and the main causes of landslides; and collection of samples (sediments, soil and water)

Key Findings

This research shows that gold is mined in an artisanal manner using chemicals products that are dangerous for human and environmental health. Also, it shows that landslides are mainly due to the human factor (behavior of actors and lack of regulation of the sector taking into account safety).

Potential Impact

The knowledge gained from this research will be transferred to public authorities, communities, and gold miners to minimize the risk of accidents, particularly landslides on gold panning sites; to improve the management of AGM and should ultimately provide solutions to promote smoother gold mining, with less impact on the environment.

Dr. Laty Gaye Thiam

Institut Pasteur de Dakar

Senegal

Problem Statement

To date, there is no vaccine effective enough to counter the deadly burden of malaria. This project provides early in-depth assessment of the functional impact of the parasites’ genetic diversity and seeks to decipher its functional contribution in the effectiveness of potential malaria vaccine candidates.

Progress Highlights

Our preliminary reveal a high level of efficacy of vaccine-induced monoclonal antibodies to blood-stage malaria vaccines candidates on the highly genetically diverse parasite populations circulation in malaria endemic settings in Senegal. These data further warrant the importance of such parasite antigens as lead malaria vaccines.

Key Findings

So far, our data on the blood-stage antigens of the PfRH5 complex are high promising. These data complement earlier reports on the strain transcendent potential of monoclonal antibodies to the PfRH5 complex, in the more diverse and complex parasites populations in malaria-endemic settings; therefore, sparking current vaccine development strategies targeting this complex.

Potential Impact

Findings from this study will be highly relevant in developing the next generation of blood-stage malaria vaccines, as it aims to provide compelling evidence of the functional relationship between genetic diversity and the susceptibility of P. falciparum clinical isolates to vaccine-induced monoclonal antibodies targeting members of the PfRH5-complex.

Dr. Christian Nkanga

University of Kinshasa

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Problem Statement

Bananas and plantains, key staples in tropical Africa, are perennial plants generating significant waste, typically used as fertilizers or animal feed. This project aims to repurpose banana plant waste through green nanoengineering to create products for microbial infection control, including surface sanitizers, water treatment, and antimicrobial drugs, enhancing wound healing.

Progress Highlights

The progress so far includes testing of biogenic nanoparticles from bananas, Isolation of antimicrobial secondary metabolites from banana wastes, Identification of plant metabolites, and standardization of the quality attributes of biogenic nanoparticles. We have also used raw banana saponins for nanoencapsulation of antimicrobial agents.

Key Findings

Green nanotechnology from bananas isolated bioactive metabolites has shown superior antimicrobial/wound healing properties compared to plant extracts/AgNPs. Banana crude saponins formed nano-micelles with better encapsulation efficiency (55%) for hydrophobic phthalocyanine than pure saponin (33%). Nanoengineered bananas produced magnetic and porous nanoparticles with great potential for water purification.

Potential Impact

Green nanotechnology is revolutionizing medicine and environmental management by converting banana waste into potent solutions for infection control and wound healing. This innovative approach not only promotes the sustainable use of natural resources but also pioneers the development of advanced materials for crucial tasks like surface cleaning and water purification.

Dr. Bridget Mutuma

University of Nairobi

Kenya

Problem Statement

There has been a surge in plastic waste generation since the COVID-19 pandemic, posing a threat to marine life, human health, and the environment. This project aims to determine the distribution and composition of microplastic waste in Kenya, as well as design low-cost carbon reactors from it.

Progress Highlights

The University of Nairobi has developed its research infrastructure by purchasing laboratory equipment, including a two-stage chemical vapor reactor, a UV-visible spectrophotometer, and a thermal gravimetric analyzer, among others. We are building human capacity by training two undergraduate students, two masters’ students, and two doctorate students.

Key Findings

Porous carbons with high adsorption capability for the removal of organic contaminants in waste water were produced from polyethylene terephthalate plastic waste. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes have been effectively produced from polypropylene terephthalate waste and polypropylene waste collected from the Dandora dumping site in Kenya.

Potential Impact

The effective synthesis of porous carbons and multiwalled carbon nanotubes from plastic waste offers a less expensive and more ecological alternative for repurposing of plastic waste. The adsorption characteristics of porous carbons for the elimination of organic contaminants in water may help achieve clean water and sanitation.

Dr. Hajar El Hammouti

Mohammed VI Polytechnic University

Morocco

Problem Statement

A large population of African countries suffers from digital exclusion. The main reason for the digital gap is the low telecommunications investments in areas with very low population income. Therefore, it is important to study novel and practical telecommunication solutions adapted to underprivileged regions at low costs. In this context, our research project will answer the question: how to provide Internet access to unconnected and under-connected regions quickly and with reduced costs.

Progress Highlights

So far, we have studied the use of drones and low-orbit satellites to provide connectivity to users in remote areas. We proposed efficient approaches to optimizing drones' trajectory, improving their energy efficiency, and prolonging their battery life. We also proposed mechanisms to quickly connect users in remote areas to spatial networks.

Key Findings

Within the framework of this project, we proposed algorithms with low complexity that can be implemented on drones with low computational power. We also proposed efficient mechanisms to implement our algorithms in a distributed and asynchronous way, which is important to ensure distributed coordination between the network agents

Potential Impact

This project has raised awareness among industrials about the importance of using non-terrestrial networks to provide rapid connectivity to the populations in unconnected areas. It has also resulted in many useful ideas where drones can be used in post-disaster scenarios to replace the damaged infrastructure and to support the terrestrial network during temporary events (such as festivals and sportive events).

Valera Lucena Dias

Eduardo Mondlane University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences

Mozambique

Problem Statement

Africa has several underexploited macroalgae, yet they are rich resources with broad applications in human and animal nutrition, agriculture, pharmacy, and cosmetics, among others. There is need to cultivate certain species of macroalgae and improve the techniques of their large-scale production. Dr Valera and her team will be investigating the sustainability of cultivating and processing macroalgae in the Southern part of Mozambique.

Progress Highlights

We have managed to stabilize the cultivation of seaweeds on Inhaca Island, where the species Kappaphycus alvarezii is showing good growth results, which has not been seen in some places throughout Mozambique. Additionally, studies have shown that including macroalgae meal in fish feed positively influences growth rate.

Key Findings

The species of seaweed, Kappaphycus alvarezii, grows very well on Inhaca Island and the species, Eucheuma denticulatum, affects positively the growth rate of Tilapia.

Potential Impact

The cultivation of seaweeds, Kappaphycus alvarezii and Eucheuma denticulatum, can be performed in the Southern part of Mozambique. The Community and the local leader are satisfied with the initiative and support the activities. More young people are expected to practice algae farming and produce algae-based items to improve their sources of income.

Dr. George Chimowa

Botswana International University of Science and Technology

Botswana

Problem Statement

Highly infectious diseases like Tuberculosis (TB) and other pulmonary diseases continue to be the leading causes of death in many African countries despite the availability of drugs for treatment. This is because, in many cases, the diagnosis is done late. Dr. Chimowa’s research investigates the application of advanced nanomaterials as gas sensors of vapors in the human breath as an alternative fast and non-invasive technology for rapid disease diagnosis.

Progress Highlights

So far, a research group dedicated to breath analysis has been established, which is furnished with new equipment and research personnel in the form of post-graduate students. We also designed and made our own automated gas sensing station at less than 20 % of the cost of commercial systems.

Key Findings

We managed to find new Volatile organic compounds unique to Tuberculosis (TB) and multi-drug-resistant TB, which will enable us to design appropriate devices for their diagnosis.

Potential Impact

The work promises to radically change the way TB and Lung Cancer are diagnosed, by introducing a novel technique that is cost effective and rapid. The project will also trained six post-graduate students, and thus increasing human capacity development in Africa.

Dr. Sidy Ba

Ecole Nationale d'Ingenieurs Abderhamane Baba Touré (ENI-ABT)

Mali

Problem Statement

The widespread presence of pharmaceutical products in Africa, such as antibiotics and other trace contaminants, has raised concerns about their adverse effects on public health and ecosystems. The ENZYREP project aims to develop large-scale use of enzymes as a nature-based solution to reduce micropollutants such as antibiotics in wastewater (e.g., hospitals, and pharmaceutical industries) as a means to limit the widespread presence of these harmful contaminants in the environment for the protection of public health and ecosystems.

Progress Highlights

Progress made includes, but not limited to, screening, extracting, purifying and characterizing two enzymes (laccase and tyrosinase) from African endogenous mushroom. Meanwhile, important capacity is being built in terms of training skilled research students and start-up a brand-new laboratory.

Key Findings

Both extracted enzymes can effectively remove drugs from wastewater. The treatment system can also be upscaled and optimized.

Potential Impact

ENZYREP project will shed light on the feasibility to effectively remove harmful contaminants from wastewater discharged from hospitals and pharmaceutical factories. Ultimately, a change in policy and regulations are expected to mandate polluters to implement treatment systems to deal with micropollutants before their discharge into nature.

Dr. Aanyu Margaret

National Fisheries Resources Research Institute, Uganda

Uganda

Problem Statement

Access to quality fish seed, feed, and rising water temperatures (beyond 25-29°C) hinder Nile tilapia aquaculture in Uganda. Dr. Aanyu's research focuses on breeding fast-growing, heat-tolerant tilapia and developing affordable, quality feed.

Progress Highlights

Held stakeholder project brief, recruited 2PhD and 3 MSc students. One MSc student completed research on genetic structure of farmed and wild Nile tilapia. The other students are starting research in year 3.

Key Findings

Three distinct Nile tilapia genotypes were identified. Lake Edward and Albert were each different while Victoria (had a mixture from Lake Edward, Albert, and Turkana). The most farmed Nile tilapia haplotype was also identified. It was similar to the haplotype of wild fish stocks at Lake Victoria. This information guides the selective breeding for improved growth and thermally tolerant Nile tilapia.

Potential Impact

There is high genetic diversity in the wild Nile tilapia stocks. This suggests the robustness of the wild Nile tilapia stocks and gives the opportunity to breed them for improved growth performance.

Dr. Graeme Hoddinott

University of Namibia

Namibia

Problem Statement

Despite the continuous health burden of Tuberculosis in Africa, there is almost no literature on the Tuberculosis experiences of Adolescents and Young People [AYP] or how best to offer tuberculosis services to this group, which is at the highest risk. The OASIS-PN project fills this critical gap by working with AYP to understand their experiences and co-develop mechanisms and strategies to optimize TB services using a person-centred approach.

Progress Highlights

Established inter-institutional collaboration agreements, taken leading roles in 4 key consortia, published 57 manuscripts, enrolled 11 PhD (4 directly supported) and 5 MSc students (1 completed), and created 5 jobs.

Key Findings

For the first time in Africa, socio-behavioural science is being embedded in the building of a research site for TB clinical, epidemiological, and intervention research. We now understand the kinship structures and co-habitation patterns of families affected by drug resistant tuberculosis in Namibia, as well as the TB care preferences of children / adolescents and young adults.

Potential Impact

Tuberculosis services for adolescents and young adults have multiple challenges and improving them an urgent priority. The OASIS-PN project will provide much-needed practical evidence of what solutions are preferred and how these may be optimally implemented, in collaboration with affected communities.

Dr. Annette Uwineza

University of Rwanda

Rwanda

Problem Statement

Few studies about genetic of neurodevelopmental disorders have been conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa and the genomic information underlying their mechanisms, especially in Rwanda, is still not adequately available. This study will focus on identification of genetic and environmental factors to better understand and mitigate the prevalence and impact of NDDs in the region.

Progress Highlights

The key activities accomplished under these project goals include Collecting blood and serum samples from 233 participants, extracting DNA from the blood samples of all participants, capacity building for PhD and master’s students and laboratory technicians (basic genomic skills, karyotype analysis), submitting one article for peer review, and holding collaborative monthly meetings among team members.

Key Findings

Whole exome sequencing (WES) of 18 patients with dysmorphic features and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) was conducted. Thirteen pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were identified in 13 patients, and variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were identified in 5 patients. For each case in the cohort, we compiled frontal photos, clinical features, and the disease-causing variants. The diagnostic yield of WES for dysmorphic features and NDDs was 72.2%.

Potential Impact

We conclude that the association of dysmorphic features and developmental delay in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders can predict the likelihood that whole exome sequencing (WES) will identify a causal variant of a phenotype. Therefore, systematic use of WES in NDDs will improve the diagnostic yield of rare diseases and enable better management.

Dr. Sarobidy Rakotonarivo

Université d’Antananarivo

Madagascar

Problem Statement

Millions of farmers near high-biodiversity areas still depend on rainfed and low input farming practices such as shifting cultivation. These practices drive forest clearing and biodiversity loss and increase food insecurity and vulnerability to climate change. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) aims to address these challenges, but its adoption remains low.

Progress Highlights

We implemented a randomised controlled trial (RCT) with members of village saving groups in south-eastern Madagascar to evaluate the impacts of cash and knowledge transfer (training in climate resilient farming practices and farm business school) on CSA adoption and local welfare. We recently conducted a baseline survey with 1300 households.

Key Findings

Communities are characterised by high levels of poverty and food insecurity. Livelihoods are mostly based on subsistence agriculture, with very limited adoption of climate-smart practices, and 37% of loans from village saving groups are used for food and emergencies. This leaves communities highly vulnerable to shocks.

Potential Impact

This project will provide evidence on what would best encourage the widespread adoption of CSA in Madagascar and ultimately pave the way for more resilient communities through increased knowledge and adoption of CSA, improved food security and welfare through increased and diversified income, while mitigating greenhouse gas emission.